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HELP.1
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1991-01-30
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The NIST Building Life-cycle Cost Program - version 3.0
The NIST Building Life-Cycle Cost (BLCC) computer program provides
economic analysis of proposed capital investments that are expected
to reduce long-term operating costs of buildings or building systems.
It is especially useful for evaluating the costs and benefits of
energy conservation projects in buildings. Two or more competing
designs can be evaluated to determine which has the lowest life-cycle
cost. Or a project can be compared against a "do-nothing" base case
where no capital improvements are made to reduce future costs.
Economic measures, including net savings, savings-to-investment ratio
(SIR), and adjusted internal rate of return (AIRR) can be calculated
for one alternative relative to the base case or another related
alternative.
Note: A user's guide to the NIST BLCC program is included with the
BLCC program, under the filename BLCC.DOC. This should be printed
and held for future reference. An example of a BLCC analysis is
provided and all input variables for BLCC are defined in this guide.
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BLCC supersedes and incorporates both the Federal Building Life-Cycle
Cost (FBLCC) and the National Bureau of Standards Life-Cycle Cost
(NBSLCC) programs. Five kinds of LCC analyses can be performed with
the BLCC program:
Federal Analysis: Energy Conservation Projects
Federal Analysis: Project subject to OMB-A94 Guidelines
Private Sector: Projects with tax analysis
Private Sector: Owner-occupied houses (limited tax deductions)
Generic LCC Analysis: public and private sector analyses without tax
analysis or special LCC guidelines
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Setup Option
The first time you use BLCC on your computer, you may want to use
the 'Setup' option to specify the type of monitor you are using, the
directory or subdirectory where you want to store your BLCC analysis
files, and the filename of the current DOE energy price files. If
your monitor is monochrome but 'thinks' it is color, you may have
trouble reading some menus in the color mode. If this is the case,
try M or E to see which makes the screen presentation clearer on
your monitor. The current (Jan 1991) filename of the DOE energy
price files is ENCOST90. The parameters you enter in the Setup
option will be saved in file SETUP.FIL in your main BLCC directory
until they are changed again.
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Conducting a BLCC Analysis
Use the Main BLCC Menu to select each step in a BLCC analysis. First
create an input data file for each project alternative to be evaluated.
The input data file contains basic LCC assumptions for the analysis,
initial costs, operating and maintenance costs, replacement costs,
energy costs, resale value, and (where relevant) data related to taxes
and mortgage analysis. The general structure of this input data file
will be shown below. All input data files have the filename extension
'DAT'. Be sure to save the data file before returning to the main menu.
The LCC analysis for a project alternative is automatically performed
when its input data file is saved. The LCC computations are saved in
an LCC output file with the filename extension 'LCC'.
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Conducting a BLCC Analysis (continued)
A comprehensive listing of all input data can be generated after the
input data file is saved by selecting 'Print input data file report'
from the main menu and designating the file to be used. The input
data file can be edited and resaved under its old filename or under a
new filename. Each time it is saved, the LCC is recomputed for that
file and a new LCC output is generated. The input data file is also
used to generate the cash flow report for any project alternative.
The LCC output file for each project alternative is needed to print a
detailed LCC report, to determine which of several project alterna-
tives has the lowest LCC, and to compute comparative measures of cost
effectiveness.
All reports can be displayed to the screen, sent to a printer, or
saved as a DOS text file for later retrieval by word processor.
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Conducting a BLCC Analysis (continued)
Once the LCC analysis has been completed for two or more project
alternatives, a comparative economic analysis can be performed and
the lowest LCC alternative can be identified. A comparative analysis
can be generated for any two alternatives, showing the net savings,
SIR, and AIRR for the additional capital investment required for the
alternative with the higher initial cost. The lowest LCC alternative
among a number (up to nine) of competing alternatives can be
identified by selecting "Lowest LCC" from the main menu and tagging
the corresponding LCC output file of each.
If you are comparing a project alternative against a "do nothing"
base case which has no initial investment but higher future costs
than the alternative, you must create a project data file for the do
nothing case and calculate its LCC first.
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Getting around in BLCC.
When selecting an option from a list of options, use arrow keys to
move to your choice, then press <Enter>. If an initial character is
highlighted, you can press the corresponding character to designate
your choice. Look for messages at the bottom of the screen keyed to
the options.
From most screen displays, you can back up to the previous screen by
pressing <Esc>. From data input screens and this help file, you can
move backward or forward by pressing <PgUp> or <PgDn>, respectively.
However, if the cursor is located at a mandatory input variable, you
must fill in a valid response before moving back to a previous screen.
If you are editing an existing data file you can finish up and save
your data at any point by pressing F10. Other valid function keys
are displayed at the bottom of the screen.
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Generalized data input structure for BLCC:
Project Data:
Basic LCC Assumptions
Tax Related Data (private sector only)
Capital Investment Data (may be divided into 6 major components):
Initial Cost Data
Cost Phasing (if Planning/Construction period specified)
Depreciation Data (where relevant)
Annually Recurring Costs
Non-annually Recurring Costs
Replacements:
Timing and Cost
Depreciation Data (where relevant)
Energy Cost Data:
Types, Annual Usage, and Cost
Escalation Rate Projections
Energy Use Indexes
Mortgage Data:
Temporary Construction Financing (if any)
Permanent Financing at Occupancy
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BLCC Features not available in FBLCC/NBSLCC
o All program modules are contained in a single executable file.
o Data files and reports can now be saved to any drive. Use "Setup"
to specify drive and type of monitor.
o New cash flow report shows non-discounted cash flows year by year.
o Up to 9 alternative projects can be compared simultaneously, with
the least LCC alternative automatically identified. Simply tag
LCC files and press <Enter>.
o Only questions relevant to current analysis are displayed on screen.
o Standard depreciation tables are read from disk to minimize data
entry. Tables must have extension 'DEP'. See TABLE1.DEP for example.
o Depreciation variables are now entered separately for replacements.
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More BLCC Features
o Project capital costs can be entered as a single cost or be
divided into as many as six components.
o Operating and maintenance (O&M) costs, replacement costs, and depre-
ciation data are specified separately for each component if capital
costs are divided into components. (Energy and mortgage costs are
entered for the overall project and are not component specific.)
o Price escalation rates for non-annually recurring O&M costs are now
assumed to be the same as specified for annually-recurring O&M
costs.
o Price escalation rates for initial capital assets, O&M, and energy
prices now must include general inflation if analysis is conducted
in current dollars.
o Up to 4 energy types can now be analyzed within a single project
alternative.
o Energy usage from year to year can be assumed constant or adjusted
with yearly energy usage indexes.
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Please address technical comments regarding the performance of BLCC
to:
Steve Petersen
Office of Applied Economics
Computing and Applied Mathematics Laboratory
National Institute for Standards and Technology
Gaithersburg, MD 20899